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Bolivia

600 - 1000 AD Tiwanaku (Tiahuanaco) empire

c. 1438 Andean regions part of the Inca empire

1538 Spanish Colonization (called Charcas by the Spanish)

03 Jan 1548 - 18 Sep 1559 Part of Viceroyalty of Peru

08 Aug 1776 Part of Viceroyalty of Rio de la Plata

16 Jul 1809 Independence proclaimed nominally in the name of Fernando VII

deposed by the Napoleon I

1811 - 1816 Part of Rio de la Plata (Argentina)

1816 Re-incorporated into Peru

16 May 1825 Departments of Upper Peru occupied by the army of Peru

06 Aug 1825 Act of independence of Alto Peru (Upper Peru),

recognised by Peru on 18 May 1826

11 Aug 1825 Bolivar Republic is declared the polity name of the polity

of the provinces of Upper Peru (use of Upper Peru continues)

18 May 1826 Republica Bolívar

28 Oct 1836 - 20 Feb 1839 Part of the Peru-Bolivian Confederation

12 Feb 1861 Independence recognised by Spain

01 Oct 1868 Republic of Bolivia

20 Oct 1883 Pacific coastline annexed by Chile

04 Jul 1899 - 25 Apr 1900 Acre independent of Bolivia

17 Nov 1903 Acre sold to Brazil by Treaty of Petrópolis

15 Aug 1938 Chaco region ceded to Paraguay

07 Feb 2009 Bolivia

18 Mar 2009 - Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia (Plurinational State of Bolivia)

Charcas (Alto Peru)

Governors

1536 - 1538 Gonzalo Pizarro Alonso

1538 - 1539 Diego de Rojas

1539 - 1540 Francisco de Aguirre Meneses "el viejo"

1540 - 1542 Pedro Anzúrez Enríquez de Camporredondo 1505-1543

1542 - 1544 Diego de Reyes

- Luis de Ribera

1544 - 1545 Francisco de Almendras

1545 - 1546 Alonso de Mendoza

1549 - 1550 Juan Polo de Ondegardo y Zárate

1550 - 155. Pedro Alonso de Hinojosa

Presidentes de la Audiencia de Charcas

04 Sep 1559 - 1572 Pedro Ramírez de Quiñones

1573 - 1577 Pedro Díez de Aux y Armendáriz Castrejón Saavedra

1578 - 1579 Juan de Matienzo

(acting)

1579 - 1582 Manuel Barros de San Millán

(acting)

1582 - 1600 Juan López de Cepeda

1600 - 1609 Alonso Maldonado y Torres

1609 - 1610 Pedro Ruiz Bejarano

1610 - 1626 Diego de Portugal

1626 - 1627 Alonso Pérez de Salazar y Rosales

(acting)

1627 - 1629 Diego Muñoz de Cuéllar (1st Time)

(acting)

1629 - 1630 Diego de Egües y Beaumont

1630 - 1632 Diego Muñoz de Cuéllar (2nd Time)

1632 - 1635 Juan de Carvajal y Sande

1635 - 1642 Juan de Lizarazu y García de Recáin

1642 - 1645 Dionisio Pérez Manrique de Lara,

marqués de Santiago

1645 - 1647 Francisco de Sossa

1647 - 1656 Francisco de Nestares Marín

1660 Andrés Garavito de Léon e Illescas

1661 - 1663 Bartolomé de Salazar y Poza

1663 - 1670 Pedro Vázquez de Velasco

1670 - 1671 Luis José Merlo de la Fuente

1671 - 1675 José del Corral Calvo de la Banda

1675 - 1685 Bartolomé González de Poveda

1685 - 1695 Diego de Mejía

1695 - 1698 Antonio Martínez Luján de Vargas

1699 - 1700 Francisco Domínguez

1700 - 1708 Miguel Antonio de Ormaza y Ponce de Léon

1708 - 1717 Francisco Pimentel y Sotomayor

1717 - 1725 Gabriel Antonio de Matienzo

1725 - 1733 Francisco de Herboso y Luza

1733 - 1735 José Cipriano de Herrera y Loizaga

1736 - 1737 Ignácio del Castillo

(acting)

1737 - 1746 Antonio Hermenegildo de Querejazu y Mollinedo

1746 - 1754 Domingo de Jáuregui

1754 - 1757 Nicolás Jiménez de Lobatón y Azaña,

marqués de Rochafuerte

1757 - 1766 Juan Francisco Pestaña y Chamucero

1766 - 1769 Juan Martínez de Tineo

1769 - 1777 Ambrosio de Benavides Medina Liñán y Torres

1777 - 1778 Jerónimo Manuel de Ruedas Morales (1st Time)

1778 - 1780 Agustín Fernando de Pinedo y Fernández de Valdivieso

1780 - 1782 Jerónimo Manuel de Ruedas Morales (2nd Time)

1782 - 1785 José Ignácio Flores de Vergara y Ximénez de Cárdenas

1785 - 1790 Vicente de Gálvez y Valenzuela

1790 - 1797 Joaquín del Pinto Sánchez de Rosas Romero y Negrete

1797 - 1805 Ramón García de León y Pizarro

1805 - 1809 José Ramírez de Laredo y Encalada

(acting)

12 Jul - 30 Sep 1809 Pedro Domingo Murillo

(revolutionary junta)

30 Sep 1809 - 13 Nov 1810 Vicente Nieto de las Viñas

y García Sánchez de Valencia y González

13 Nov 1810 - 1811 Juan José Castelli

1811 - 1813 Domingo Tristán y Moscoso

1813 Francisco Antonio Ortiz de Ocampo

1813 - 1814 Gregorio Hoyos Fernández de Miranda

García del Llano, marqués de Valdehoyos

1814 - 1815 Martín Rodríguez

1815 Juan Antonio Fernández

1816 - 1818 José Pascual de Vivero y Salavarria

22 Feb 1818 - 1824 Rafael Maroto Yserns

1824 - 1825 Pedro Antonio de Olañeta

1825 José Antonio Vigil Manrique de Lara

16 May - 18 Aug 1825 Antonio José Francisco de Sucre y Alcalá (1st Time)

(military governor)

18 Aug - 29 Dec 1825 Simón José de la Santísima Trinidad

Bolívar y Palacios

(Liberator)

29 Dec 1825 - 25 May 1826 Antonio José Francisco de Sucre y Alcalá (2nd Time)

(military governor)

25 May - 28 May 1826 José Joaquín Casimiro Olañeta y Güemes

(President of the General Constituent Congress)

Bolivia

Government: Federal republic.

Capital: Sucre. La Paz (administrative).

Language: Quechua, Spanish, Aymara.

Religion: Roman Catholic (Secular State).

National Anthem: "Bolivianos, el hado propicio."

National Day: Independence day, August 6th (1825).

National Motto: La unión es la fuerza! (Unity through strength).

National Emblem: Andean condor.

Currency: Boliviano.

Presidents

28 May 1826 - 12 Aug 1828 Antonio José Francisco de Sucre y Alcalá (3rd Time)

18 Apr - 12 Aug 1828 José María Perez de Urdininea y Gurruchaga ........... 1784-1865 Mil

(acting for Sucre)

12 Aug - 18 Dec 1828 José Miguel González de Valasco Franco ............... 1795-1859 Mil

(1st Time)

18 Dec - 31 Dec 1828 Pedro Blanco Soto .................................... 1795-1839 Mil

(Provisional)

01 Jan - 24 May 1829 José Miguel González de Velasco Franco (2nd Time)

24 May 1829 - 20 Feb 1839 José Andrés de Santa Cruz y Villavicencio y Calahumana 1792-1865 Mil

(Supreme Protector of the Peru-Bolivia

Confederation from 28 Oct 1836)

18 Jul 1838 - 22 Jan 1839 Mariano Enrique Calvo Cuellar (1st Time) ............. 1782-1842 Mil

20 Feb 1839 - 10 Jun 1841 José Miguel González de Velasco Franco (3rd Time)

(Provisional Supreme Chief)

10 Jun - 09 Jul 1841 Sebastian de Ágreda .................................. 1795-1875 Mil

09 Jul - 22 Sep 1841 Mariano Enrique Calvo Cuellar (2nd Time)

22 Sep 1841 - 23 Dec 1847 José María de Ballivián y Segurola ................... 1805-1852 Mil

23 Dec 1847 - 06 Jan 1848 Eusebio Guilarte Vera ................................ 1799-1849 Mil

(acting)

06 Jan - 18 Jan 1848 Manuel Isidoro Belzu Humerez (1st Time) .............. 1808-1865 Mil

18 Jan - 06 Dec 1848 José Miguel González de Velasco Franco (4th Time)

06 Dec 1848 - 15 Aug 1855 Manuel Isidoro Belzu Humerez (2nd Time)

15 Aug 1855 - 21 Oct 1857 Jorge Córdova ........................................ 1822-1861

21 Oct 1857 - 14 Jan 1861 José Maria Linares y de Lizarazu Beaumont y Navarra .. 1810-1861

14 Jan 1861 - 28 Dec 1864 José Maria Achá Valiente ............................. 1810-1868 Mil

28 Dec 1864 - 15 Jan 1871 Mariano Melgarejo Valencia ........................... 1818-1871 Mil

15 Jan 1871 - 27 Nov 1872 Pedro Agustín Morales Hernández ...................... 1808-1872

(Supreme Chief of the Revolution)

27 Nov - 28 Nov 1872 Juan de Dios Bosque y Ventura ........................ 1829-1890

28 Nov 1872 - 09 May 1873 Tomás Fransisco Frías Ametller (1st Time) ............ 1804-1884

09 May 1873 - 14 Feb 1874 Adolfo Ballivián Coll ................................ 1831-1874 Mil

14 Feb 1874 - 04 May 1876 Tomás Fransisco Frías Ametller (2nd Time)

04 May 1876 - 28 Dec 1879 Hilarión Daza Groselle ............................... 1840-1893 Mil

(Provisional)

28 Dec 1879 - 19 Jan 1880 Uladislao Silva

(President of the Junta)

19 Jan 1880 - 03 Sep 1884 José Narciso Campero Leyes ........................... 1813-1896

03 Sep 1884 - 15 Aug 1888 José Gregorio Pacheco Leyes .......................... 1823-1899

15 Aug 1888 - 11 Aug 1892 Aniceto Arce Ruiz de Mendoza ......................... 1824-1906

11 Aug 1892 - 19 Aug 1896 José Mariano Baptista Caserta ........................ 1832-1907

19 Aug 1896 - 12 Apr 1899 Severo Fernández Alonso Caballero .................... 1848-1925

12 Apr - 25 Oct 1899 Serapio Reyes Ortiz Aguilar .......................... 1822-1900

(President of the Federal Junta)

25 Oct 1899 - 14 Oct 1904 Juan José Manuel Inocencio Pando Solares ............. 1849-1917

14 Oct 1904 - 12 Oct 1909 Ismael Montes Gamboa (1st Time) ...................... 1861-1933

12 Oct 1909 - 14 Oct 1913 Eliodoro Villazon Montaño ............................ 1848-1939

14 Oct 1913 - 15 Oct 1917 Ismael Montes Gamboa (2nd Time)

15 Oct 1917 - 12 Jul 1920 José Manuel Justiniano Gutiérrez Guerra .............. 1869-1920

12 Jul 1920 - 28 Jan 1921 Government Junta

- Rosa Bautista Saavedra Mallea ........................ 1870-1939

- José Maria Escalier Villegas ......................... 1863-1934

- José Manuel Ramirez Martínez ......................... 1868-1934

28 Jan 1921 - 03 Sep 1925 Rosa Bautista Saavedra Mallea ........................ s.a

03 Sep 1925 - 10 Jan 1926 Felipe Segundo Guzmán ................................ 1879-1932

(Provisional)

10 Jan 1926 - 28 May 1930 Mariano Hernandez Siles Reyes ........................ 1882-1942

28 Jun 1930 - 05 Mar 1931 Carlos Blanco Galindo ................................ 1882-1943 Mil

(President of the Council of Ministers

of the Military Government Junta)

05 May 1931 - 27 Nov 1934 Daniel Domingo Salamanca Urey ........................ 1869-1935

27 Nov 1934 - 17 May 1936 José Luis Tejada Sorzano ............................. 1882-1938

17 May - 20 May 1936 Germán Busch Becerra ................................. 1903-1939 Mil

(1st Time, provisional Junta chairman)

20 May 1936 - 13 Jul 1937 José David Toro Ruilova .............................. 1898-1977 Mil

(Junta chairmen)

13 Jul 1937 - 23 Aug 1939 Germán Busch Becerra

(2nd Time, Junta chairmen)

23 Aug 1939 - 15 Apr 1940 Carlos Quintanilla Quiroga ........................... 1888-1964

(provisional)

15 Apr 1940 - 20 Dec 1943 Enrique Peñaranda del Castillo ....................... 1892-1969 Mil

20 Dec 1943 - 21 Jul 1946 Gualberto Villarroel Lopez ........................... 1908-1946 Mil

(Junta chairmen)

21 Jul - 15 Aug 1946 Néstor Guillen Olmos ................................. 1890-1966

15 Aug 1946 - 10 Mar 1947 Tomás Monje Gutiérrez ................................ 1884-1954

(provisional Junta chairman)

10 Mar 1947 - 22 Oct 1949 José Enrique Hertzog Garaizábal ...................... 1897-1980

22 Oct 1949 - 16 May 1951 Mamerto Urriolagoitia Harriague ...................... 1895-1974

16 May 1951 - 11 Apr 1952 Hugo Ballivián Rojas ................................. 1901-1993 Mil

(Chairman of the Military Junta)

16 Apr 1952 - 06 Aug 1956 Ángel Víctor Paz Estenssoro .......................... 1907-2001

(1st Time)

06 Aug 1956 - 06 Aug 1960 Hernán Siles Zuazo (1st Time) ........................ 1914-1996

06 Aug 1960 - 04 Nov 1964 Ángel Víctor Paz Estenssoro (2nd Time)

Chairmen of the Military Junta

04 Nov - 05 Nov 1964 Alfredo Ovando Candía (1st Time) ..................... 1918-1982 Mil

05 Jan 1964 - 04 Jan 1966 René Barrientos Ortuno (1st Time) .................... 1919-1969 Mil

04 Jan - 06 Aug 1966 Alfredo Ovando Candía (2nd Time)

Presidents

06 Aug 1966 - 27 Apr 1969 René Barrientos Ortuño (2nd Time)

27 Apr - 26 Sep 1969 Luis Adolfo Siles Salinas ............................ 1925-2005

26 Sep 1969 - 06 Aug 1970 Alfredo Ovando Candía (3rd Time)

06 Oct 1970 - 21 Aug 1971 Juan José Torres González ............................ 1921-1976 Mil

21 Aug - 22 Aug 1971 Jaime Florenza Mendieta Vargas ....................... 1922- Mil

22 Aug 1971 - 21 Jul 1978 Hugo Banzer Suárez ................................... 1926-2002 Mil

21 Jul - 24 Nov 1978 Juan Pereda Asbún .................................... 1931- Mil

24 Nov 1978 - 08 Aug 1979 David Padilla Arancibia .............................. 1927- Mil

08 Aug - 01 Nov 1979 Wálter Guevara Arze .................................. 1912-1996 Mil

01 Nov - 17 Nov 1979 Alberto Natusch Busch ................................ 1939-1994 Mil

17 Nov 1979 - 18 Jul 1980 Lydia Gueiler Tejada ................................. 1921-2011

(acting President)

18 Jul 1980 - 04 Aug 1981 Luis García Meza Tejada .............................. 1929-2018 Mil

04 Aug - 04 Sep 1981 Waldo Bernal Pereira ................................. 1934- Mil

- Óscar Jaime Pammo Rodríguez .......................... 1934- Mil

04 Sep 1981 - 19 Jul 1982 Celso Torrelio Villa ................................. 1933-1999 Mil

19 Jul - 21 Jul 1982 Natalio Morales Mosquera ............................. 1934- Mil

- Ángel Mariscal Gómes ................................. 1935- Mil

21 Jul - 12 Oct 1982 Guido Vildoso Calderón ............................... 1937- Mil

12 Oct 1982 - 06 Aug 1985 Hernán Siles Zuazo (2nd Time)

06 Aug 1985 - 06 Aug 1989 Víctor Paz Estenssoro ................................ 1907-2001 MNR

06 Aug 1989 - 06 Aug 1993 Jaime Paz Zamora ..................................... 1939- MIR

06 Aug 1993 - 06 Aug 1997 Gonzálo Sánchez de Lozada Sánchez Bustamante ......... 1930- MNR

(1st Time)

06 Aug 1997 - 07 Aug 2001 Hugo Banzer Suárez ................................... 1926-2002 ADR

07 Aug 2001 - 06 Aug 2002 Jorge Fernando Quiroga Ramírez ....................... 1960- ADR

06 Aug 2002 - 17 Oct 2003 Gonzálo Sánchez de Lozada Sánchez Bustamante MNR

(2nd Time)

17 Oct 2003 - 09 Jun 2005 Carlos Diego Mesa Gisbert ............................ 1953-

09 Jun 2005 - 22 Jan 2006 Eduardo Rodríguez Veltzé ............................. 1956-

22 Jan 2006 - 11 Nov 2019 Juan Evo Morales Ayma ................................ 1959- MAS

11 Nov 2019 - 08 Nov 2020 Jeanine Áñez Chávez .................................. 1967- MDS

(interim)

08 Nov 2020 - 08 Nov 2025 Luis Alberto Arce Catacora ........................... 1963- MAS

08 Nov 2025 - Rodrigo Paz Pereira .................................. 1967- PDC

Departments

MAS=Movimento al Socialism (Movement towards Socialism, Socialist).

MDS=Movimento Democrata Social (Democratic Social Movement, Liberalism, Regionalism).

MIR=Movimento Izquierda Revolucionaria (Movement of Revolutionary Left, Social-democratic).

MNR=Movimento Nacionalista Revolucionaria (National Revolutionary Movement, Centrist).

PODEMOS=Poder Democratic Social (Social and Democratic Power 'We can', conservative ex-ADN).

PDC=Partido Democrata Cristian (Christian Democratic Party, christian democratic).