Afghanistan- Kingdom of Afghanistan -Kings17 Jul 1973 - 23 Jul 2007 Barakzai, Mohammed Zahir Shah23 Jul 2007 - Barakzai, Ahmad Shah- Republic of Afghanistan -President14 Feb 1989 - Apr 1992 Sibghatullah MojadediPrime MinistersJun 1988 - Feb 1989 Shah Ahmed14 Feb 1989 - Apr 1992 Abdul Rab Rasul Sayyaf- Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan -Emir13 Nov 2001 - Mohammed Omar
AlbaniaKings of the Albanians01 Feb 1925 - 01 Sep 1928 Weid, Vidi01 Jan 1946 - 09 Apr 1961 Mati, Zogu I09 Apr 1961 - 30 Nov 2011 Mati, Leka I30 Nov 2011 - Mati, Leka II
Austria (-Hungary)Heads of the House of Habsburg03 Apr 1919 - 01 Apr 1922 Habsburg, Karl IV01 Apr 1922 - 01 Jan 2007 Habsburg, Otto III ............................ 1912-201101 Jan 2007 - Habsburg, Karl V
Belarussian National Republic in ExileChairmen of the RadaNov 1920 - 08 Mar 1928 Pyotr Antonavich Krechewski08 Mar 1928 - 06 Mar 1943 Vasil Ivanavich Zakharka ...................... 1877-194306 Mar 1943 - 29 May 1970 Mikhalay Syamyonavich Abramchyk ............... 1903-197030 May 1970 - Nov 1982 Vikentsiy Zhuk-Hryshkyevich ................... 1903-1989Nov 1982 - 1997 Yazep Sazhych ................................. 1917-20071997 - Ivonka Symaniec-Survilla ...................... 1936-Chairmen of the Council of Ministers30 Dec 1919 - 23 Aug 1923 Vaclau Lastouski23 Aug 1923 - Oct 1925 Alyaksandr Ivanavich Tsvikievich .............. 1888-1937Oct 1925 - 06 Mar 1943 Vasil Ivanavich Zakharka06 Mar 1943 - 21 Jun 1948 Mikhalay Syamyonavich Abramchky
BrazilTitular Monarchs15 Nov 1889 - 05 Dec 1891 Braganza, Pedro II05 Dec 1891 - 14 Nov 1921 Braganza, Isabel14 Nov 1921 - 05 Jul 1981 Braganza, Pedro Henrique05 Jul 1981 - Braganza, Luis
BulgariaCzar15 Sep 1946 - Wettin, Simeon II
BurmaLeader of the National League of Democracy27 Sep 1988 - Dr Aung San Suu Kyi(Under house arrest 20 Jul 1989 - 10 Jul 1995,23 Sep 2000 - 13 Nov 2010)Prime Minister in Exile18 Sep 1990 - Dr Sein Win ...................................... 1944-(In Washington D.C exile from 1995)
Croatia1945 Defeated Ustashe regime goes into exile in Argentina1991 HOP Regestered as a political partyLeaders of the Croatian Liberation Moverment09 May 1945 - 28 Dec 1959 Ante Pavelic28 Dec 1959 - 31 Jan 1973 Stjepan Hefer31 Jan 1973 - 1981 Antun Bonifacic1981 - 19.. Ivan AsancaicSrecko PsenicnikNedjeljko KujundzicSlavko GrubisicStjepan BlazanovicMirko Brekalo
Czechoslovakia Government in ExilePresidents17 Nov 1939 - 21 Jul 1940 Jan Srámek .................................... 1870-195621 Jul 1940 - 02 Apr 1945 Edvard BenešPrime Minister17 Nov 1939 - 02 Apr 1945 Jan Srámek
Estonian Government in Exile1940-1971 Government in Exile formed in London, UK1971-1991 In Washington D.C, USEnvoys17 Jun 1940 - 12 Mar 1971 August Torma .................................. 1895-197112 Mar 1971 - 20 Aug 1991 Ernst Jaakson ................................. 1905-1998___________________________________________________________________________________Non-Recognised alternative administrationPresident21 Jun 1940 - 18 Jan 1956 Konstantine Päts (Soviet Prisoner from 30 Jun 1940)Prime Ministers acting as Presidents21 Jun 1940 - 09 Jan 1945 Jüri Uluots09 Jan 1945 - 29 Mar 1963 August Rei29 Mar 1963 - 23 Dec 1970 Aleksander Warma .............................. 1890-197023 Dec 1970 - 01 Mar 1990 Tõnis Kint .................................... 1896-199101 Mar 1990 - 08 Oct 1992 Heinrich Mark ................................. 1911-200408 Oct 1992 - 28 Nov 2003 Mihkel Mathiesen .............................. 1918-200328 Nov 2003 - Kalev OtsActing Prime Ministers21 Jun 1940 - 15 Jun 1942 August Jürima15 Jun - 01 Oct 1942 Ants Piip01 Oct 1942 - 21 Apr 1944 Paul Kogermann21 Apr - 18 Sep 1944 Alfred Maurer18 Sep 1944 - 12 Jan 1953 Otto Tief12 Jan 1953 - 22 Aug 1960 Johannes Sikkar22 Aug 1960 - 31 Dec 1961 Tõnis Kint (1st Time)01 Jan 1962 - 29 Mar 1963 Aleksander Warma29 Mar 1963 - 23 Dec 1970 Tõnis Kint (2nd Time)23 Dec 1970 - 08 May 1971 August Koern08 May 1971 - 01 Mar 1990 Heinrich Mark01 Mar 1990 - 07 Oct 1992 Enno Penno07 Oct 1992 - 28 Nov 2003 Kalev Ots07 Dec 2003 - Ahti MändNote: Since 1992 the government in exile declared its intent to "continue to preserveconstitutional continuity until the actual end of the occupation," refering tothe large number of ethnic Russians in Estonia.
Free French GovernmentLeader of the Free French11 Jun 1940 - 20 Aug 1944 Charles de Gaulle_____________________________________________________________________________Titular French EmpireEmperors07 Jun 1815 - 05 May 1821 Bonaparte, Napoléon I05 May 1821 - 22 Jul 1832 Bonaparte, Napoléon II22 Jul 1832 - 28 Jul 1844 Bonaparte, Joseph-Napoléon04 Sep 1870 - 09 Jan 1873 Bonaparte, Napoléon III09 Jan 1873 - 01 Jun 1879 Bonaparte, Napoléon IV01 Jun 1879 - 03 May 1926 Bonaparte, Napoléon V03 May 1926 - 03 May 1997 Bonaparte, Napoléon VI03 May 1997 - Bonaparte, Napoléon VII_____________________________________________________________________________Royal House of FranceKings1795 - 1814 Bourbon, Louis XVIII1848 - 1850 Orléans, Louis Philippe1850 - 1894 Orléans, Philippe VII1894 - 1926 Orléans, Philippe VIII1926 - 1940 Orléans, Jean III1940 - 1999 Orléans, Henri VI1999 - Orléans, Henri VII
FinlandClaiments14 Dec 1918 - 28 May 1940 Hesse, Vaino28 May 1940 - 12 Jul 1989 Hesse, Wolfgang12 Jul 1989 - 18 Nov 1999 Hesse, Heinrich1999 Claim abandoned
Georgia1801- Titula Kings of Georgia1921-1954 Government of the Democratic Republic of Georgia in exile1954 Government in exile dissolved1991 Georgia independentKings18 Jan 1801 - 13 May 1819 Davit XII1819 - 1826 Demetri III1826 - 1842 Konstantin III1842 - 1895 Ioane II1895 - 1903 Konstantin IV1903 - 30 Oct 1918 Alek`sandre II30 Oct 1918 - 29 Sep 1957 Giorgi XIII29 Sep 1957 - 30 Oct 1977 Irekli III30 Oct 1977 - 16 Jan 2008 Giorgi XIV16 Jan 2008 - Irekli IVGeorgian Government in Exile (in Leuville-sur-Orge, France)Heads of State18 Mar 1921 - 11 Jan 1953 Noe Nikolozis dze Zhordania11 Jan 1953 - 05 Jun 1954 Evgeni Paatis dze Gegechkori ............... 1881-1954
GermanyHeads of the House of Hohenzollern09 Nov 1918 - 04 Jun 1941 Hohenzollern, Wilhelm II04 Jun 1941 - 20 Jul 1951 Hohenzollern, Friedrich Wilhelm20 Jul 1951 - 26 Sep 1994 Hohenzollern, Ludwig Ferdinand26 Sep 1994 - Hohenzollern, Georg Friedrich
Greece23 Oct 1862 King Othon is deposed25 Mar 1924 - 03 Nov 1935 Monarchy deposed1941 - 1944 Greek government in exile formed in Cairo then Londonfollowing German occupation14 Oct 1946 Monarchy returns13 Dec 1967 King goes in to exile in Rome after failed coup against the military junta01 Jun 1973 Monarchy abolished (confirmed in 1974)Kings23 Oct 1862 - 26 Jul 1867 Wittelsbach, Othon25 Mar 1924 - 03 Nov 1935 Oldemberg, Georgios II (1st Time)17 Apr 1941 - 09 Oct 1944 Oldemberg, Georgios II (2nd Time)27 Dec 1967 - Oldemberg, Konstantinos XIII(II)
Italy18 Jun 1946 Monarchy abolishedKings18 Jun 1946 - 12 Mar 1983 Savoia, Umberto II12 Mar 1983 - Savoia, Vittorio Emmanuele IV
Imperial State of Iran in exile1979 - 1982 In Cairo, Egypt exile1982 - In Washington D.C exileShahs05 Feb 1979 - 27 Jul 1980 Pahlavi, Mohammed VI Reza .................. 1919-198027 Jul - 31 Oct 1980 Pahlavi Empress Farah ...................... 1938-01 Nov 1980 - Pahlavi, Reza II Cyrus ..................... 1960-Opposed by1925-1930 Qajar, Soltan Ahmad1930-1943 Qajar, Mohammad Hassan Mirza ............................... 1899-19431943-1975 Qajar, Fereydoun Mirza1975-1988 Qajar, Soltan Hamid Mirza .................................. 1918-19881988 Qajar, Mahmood Mirza ....................................... 1905-19881988-2011 Qajar, Soltan Ali Mirza2011 - Qajar, Mohammad Hassan Mirza II________________________________________________________________________________Republic of Iran in exile1981 - In exile in Paris, FrancePresidents of Resistance of IranAug 1981 - 30 Jun 1993 Abolhassan Bani-Sadr ....................... 1933-01 Jul 1993 - Maryam Azodanlu Rajavi ..................... 1953-
Latvia1940-1963 Exile governemnt formed in London, UK1963-1991 In Washington D.C, US1991 Latvian independence restoredPresidents21 Jun 1940 - 08 Sep 1944 Vacant08 Sep 1944 - 27 Aug 1945 Pauls Kalinins27 Aug 1945 - 02 Dec 1969 Bishop Jazeps Racans ....................... 1886-196902 Dec 1969 - 21 Aug 1991 VacantHeads of the Diplomatic Service21 Jun 1940 - 29 Apr 1963 Karlis Zarins .............................. 1879-196329 Apr 1963 - 01 Oct 1970 Arnolds Spekke ............................. 1887-197201 Oct 1970 - 21 Aug 1991 Anatols Dinbergs ........................... 1911-1993
Republic of Lithuania in Exile1940-19.. Exile government formed in Rome, Italy19..-1991 In Washington D.C, USPresidents15 Jun 1940 - 24 Dec 1983 Stasys Ložoraitis Sr ....................... 1898-198324 Dec 1983 - 15 Nov 1987 Stasys Backis .............................. 1906-199915 Nov 1987 - 06 Sep 1991 Stasys Ložoraitis Jr ....................... 1924-1994
MontenegroHead of the Royal House26 Nov 1918 - 01 Mar 1921 Petrovic-Njegos, Nikola I01 Mar - 07 Mar 1921 Petrovic-Njegos, Danilo III07 Mar 1921 - 24 Mar 1986 Petrovic-Njegos, Mihajlo24 Mar 1986 - Petrovic-Njegos, Nikola IIPrime Ministers26 Nov 1918 - 17 Feb 1919 Evgenije Popovic17 Feb 1919 - 28 Jun 1921 Jovan S. Plamenac(1st Time)28 Jun 1921 - 13 Jul 1922 Milutin Vucinic13 Jul 1922 - 23 Oct 1923 Jovan S. Plamenac(2nd Time)23 Oct 1923 - 14 Nov 1929 Anto Gvozdenovic
Polish Republic in Exile1939-1945 Polish government in exile formed in London in opposition to Germanoccupation, and from 1945 toPolish Communist Party governemnt.1945 Diplomantic recognition lost to government in in Warsaw1990 Government disbanded after end of Communist Party rulePresidents30 Sep 1939 - 06 Jun 1947 Wladyslaw Raczkiewicz .............................. 1885-194706 Jun 1947 - 07 Apr 1972 August Zaleski ..................................... 1883-197207 Apr 1972 - 24 Mar 1979 Stanislaw Ostrowski ................................ 1892-198224 Mar 1979 - 08 Apr 1986 Count Edward Bernard Andrzej Maria Raczynski ....... 1891-199308 Apr 1986 - 19 Jul 1989 Kazimiers Aleksander Sabbat ........................ 1913-198919 Jul 1989 - 22 Dec 1990 Ryszard Kaczorowski ................................ 1919-2010Prime Ministers30 Sep 1939 - 04 Jul 1943 Wladyslaw Eugeniusz Sikorski05 Jul 1943 - 29 Nov 1944 Stanislaw Mikolajczyk .............................. 1901-196629 Nov 1944 - 02 Jul 1947 Tomasz Arciszewski ................................. 1877-195502 Jul 1947 - 07 Apr 1949 Tadeusz Bór-Komorowski ............................. 1895-196607 Apr 1949 - 25 Sep 1950 Count Tadeusz Tomaszewski .......................... 1894-196725 Sep 1950 - 18 Jan 1954 Roman Wladyslaw Odzierzynski ....................... 1892-197518 Jan - 08 Jun 1954 Jerzy Mihail Hryniewski ............................ 1895-197808 Jun 1954 - 08 Aug 1955 Stanislaw Cat-Mackewicz ............................ 1896-196608 Aug - 11 Sep 1955 Hugon Hanke ........................................ 1904-196411 Sep 1955 - 25 Jun 1965 Antoni Pajak ....................................... 1893-196525 Jun 1965 - 16 Jul 1970 Aleksander Zawisza ................................. 1896-197716 Jul 1970 - 15 Jul 1972 Zygmunt Muchniewski ................................ 1896-197915 Jul 1972 - 02 Jul 1976 Alfred Urbanski .................................... 1899-198302 Jul 1976 - 07 Apr 1986 Kazimierz Aleksander Sabbat07 Apr 1986 - 22 Dec 1990 Eduard Franciszek Szczepanik ....................... 1915-2005
PortugalHeads of the Royal House05 Oct 1910 - 02 Jul 1932 Braganca, Manoel II02 Jul 1932 - 24 Dec 1976 Braganca, Duarte II24 Dec 1976 - Braganca, Duarte III
Romania30 Dec 1947 Monarchy abolishedKing30 Dec 1947 - Hohenzollern, Mihai
RussiaHeads of the Royal House15 Mar 1917 - 13 Jun 1918 Holstein-Gottorp, Mikhail II13 Jun 1918 - 1931 Holstein-Gottorp, Grigory(disputed)31 Aug 1924 - 12 Oct 1938 Holstein-Gottorp, Kyril12 Oct 1938 - 21 Apr 1992 Holstein-Gottorp, Vladimir21 Apr 1992 - Holstein-Gottorp, Maria21 Apr 1992 - Holstein-Gottorp, Nikolas III (disputed)
South Sudan1967 - 1970 Government in exile formed in Kampala, Ugandain opposition to Khartoum1969 - 1972 Civil war1983 - 2005 2nd civil war09 Jul 2005 Peace agreement with vote on independence in six years09 Jul 2011 Independence, secession from SudanPresident of the South Sudan Provisional Government15 Aug 1967 - 27 Mar 1969 Aggrey JadenPresident of the Nile Provisional Government27 Mar 1969 - 23 Jul 1970 Gordon Mayen MourtatPresident of the Anyidi Revolutionary Government (in opposition to NPG)15 Jul 1969 - Apr 1970 Emilio TafengPresidents of the Southern Sudan Liberation Front (SSLM)01 Oct 1969 - 28 Mar 1972 Joseph Lagu05 Jun 1983 - 09 Jan 2005 John Garang de Maboir
Spanish Republic in exile1939-1940 Spanish Republicans form government in Paris, France1940-1946 Government in exile moves to Mexico1946-1977 Government returns to France1977 Government dissolved after democratic electionsPresidents31 Mar 1939 - 17 Aug 1945 Álvaro de Albornoz y Liminiana ............... 1879-195917 Aug 1945 - 01 Jan 1962 Diego Martínez Barrio ........................ 1883-196201 Jan 1962 - 16 Nov 1970 Luis Jimérez de Asúa ......................... 1889-197016 Nov 1970 - 30 Jun 1977 José Antonio Maldonado ....................... 1901-1985Prime Ministers31 Mar 1939 - 17 Aug 1945 Juan Nagrín López17 Aug 1945 - 09 Sep 1947 José Giral Pereira09 Feb - 08 Aug 1947 Rodolfo Llopis Ferrándiz ..................... 1895-198308 Aug 1947 - 13 Aug 1951 Álvaro de Albornoz y Liminiana13 Aug 1951 - 09 May 1960 Félix Gordón Ordás ........................... 1885-197309 May 1960 - 28 Feb 1962 Emilio Herrera Linares ....................... 1876-196728 Feb 1962 - 28 Feb 1971 Claudio Sánchez-Albornoz y Menduiña .......... 1893-198428 Feb 1971 - 30 Jun 1977 Fernando Valera Aparicio ..................... 1899-1982
Tibetan government in exile1911 - 07 Oct 1950 Tibet de facto independent07 Oct 1950 Occupied by China23 Apr 1951 Incorporated into China31 Mar 1959 - Dalai Lama goes into exile in India1959 - 31 May 2011 Central Tibetan Administration31 May 2011 - Tibetan AdministrationHead of Government01 May 1960 - Tenzin Gyatso, XIV Dalai Lama ........ 1935-Chairman of the Government (Prime Ministers)1959 - 1960 Jangsa Tsang1960 - 1965 Zurkhang Ngawang Gelek1965 - 1970 Shenkha Gurney Topgyal1970 - 1975 Garang Lobsang Rigzin1975 - 1980 Kunling Woesur Gyaltso1980 - 1985 Wangue Dorji ......................... 1915-20001985 - May 1990 Juchen Thupten NamgyalMay 1990 - Jul 1991 Kelsang Yeshi (1st Time)Aug 1991 - Jan 1993 Gyalo ThondupFeb 1993 - 04 Jun 1996 Tenzin Namgyal Tethong04 Jun 1996 - Apr 1997 Kelsang Yeshi (2nd Time)Apr 1997 - 05 Sep 2001 Sonam Topgyal05 Sep 2001 - 08 Aug 2011 Samdong Rinpoche08 Aug 2011 - Lobsang Sangay
Ukrainian State in Exile07 Mar 1921 - 1945 In exile in Prague in opposition to the Soviet regime1945 - 22 Aug 1992 In Munich01 Dec 1991 Independence from USSR22 Aug 1992 UGE dispandedPresidents07 May 1921 - 25 May 1926 Symon Vasylovych Petlyura25 May 1926 - 17 Jan 1954 Andrii Mykolaiovych Livytsky17 Jan 1954 - 19 Oct 1965 Stepan Vytvytsky ..................................... 1884-196519 Oct 1965 - 08 Dec 1989 Mykola Andriyovych Livytsky .......................... 1908-198908 Dec 1989 - 22 Aug 1992 Mykola Vasylovych Plaviuk ............................ 1925-Prime Ministers1921 - 1922 Pylyp Pylypchuk ...................................... 1869-19401922 - 1926 Andrii Mykolaiovych Livytsky1926 - 07 Jun 1942 Vyacheslav Konstantinovych Prokopovych1942 - 1944 Oleksandr Yakovych Shulhyn ........................... 1889-19601944 - 1945 Andrii Yakovliv ...................................... 1872-19551945 - 1948 Kost Pankivskiy ...................................... 1897-19731948 - 18 Mar 1952 Isaak Prokhorovych Mazepa18 Mar 1952 - 04 Jun 1953 Stepan Baran ......................................... 1879-195304 Jun 1953 - 1954 Stepan Vytvytsky1954 - 1957 Symon Sozontiv ....................................... 1898-19801957 - 22 Mar 1967 Mykola Andriyovych Livytsky22 Mar 1967 - 19 Dec 1969 Atanas Figol ......................................... 1908-1993Dec 1969 - 1972 Spyrydon Dovgal ...................................... 1896-19751972 - 1974 Vasyl Fedoronchuk .................................... 1915-19841974 - 1980 Teofil Leontiy1980 - 1989 Yaroslav Bohdan Rudnycky ............................. 1910-200.1989 - 22 Aug 1992 Ivan Samiylenko
Yugoslavia/Serbia15 Apr 1941 In Greece exile28 Apr 1941 Mandate of Palestine exileJun 1941 - 1943 In London UK exile1943 - 1944 In Cairo, Egypt exile1944 - 1945 In London exile29 Nov 1945 Monarchy abolished29 Nov 1945 - 05 Jun 2006 Yugoslavian throne claimed by fomer royal family2001 Former Monarchy returns to Yugoslavia05 Jun 2006 Serbia independentKing14 Apr 1941 - 03 Nov 1970 Karadjordjevic, Petar II ....................... 1924-1970(deposed 29 Nov 1945)03 Nov 1970 - Karadjordjevic, Aleksandar III ................. 1945-Prime Ministers14 Apr 1941 - 12 Jan 1942 Dušan Todor Simovic12 Jan 1942 - 26 Jun 1943 Slobodan Jovanovic ............................. 1869-195826 Jun - 10 Aug 1943 Miloš Trifunovic ............................... 1871-195710 Aug 1943 - 08 Jul 1944 Bozidar Puric .................................. 1891-197708 Jul 1944 - 30 Jan 1945 Ivan Subašic ................................... 1892-195530 Jan - 07 May 1945 Drago Marusic .................................. 1884-1975
West Papua24 Aug 1828 - 01 Oct 1962 Dutch New Guinea01 Oct 1962 - 01 May 1963 UN adimistration01 May 1963 Annexed by Indonesia28 Jul 1965 Free Papua moverment founded09 Nov 1975 Separatists proclaim independencePresidents of the Free Papua Movement28 Jul 1965 - 1982 Marcus Kaisiepo1975 Seth Jafeth Rumkoren(acting)1982 - 1999 Moses Werror1999 - 10 Nov 2001 Theys Hiyo EluayNov 2001 - Thomas Beanal