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SomaliaAdopted 196016 Mar 1905 - 31 Mar 1950 Italian Colony of Somaliland16 Mar 1941 - 31 Mar 1950 British occupation01 Apr 1950 - 30 Jun 1960 UN trust territory, under Italian administration01 Jul 1960 - 21 Oct 1969 Republic of Somalia21 Oct 1969 - 27 Jan 1991 Socialist Republic of Somalia01 Jan 1991 - Somalia collapses, with no central contol over the state18 May 1991 - Secession of Somaliland21 Jul 1991 - Somali Republic27 Jul 1992 - 27 Aug 2000 UN declares Somalia a country "without a government"Presidents01 Jul 1960 - 10 Jun 1967 Aaden Cabdulla Cismaan Daar .......... 1908-200710 Jun 1967 - 15 Oct 1969 Cabdirashiid Cali Sharmaarke ......... 1919-196915 Oct - 21 Oct 1969 Sheekh Mukhtaar Maxamed Xuseen ....... 1912-21 Oct 1969 - 27 Jan 1991 Maxamed Siyaad Barre ................. 1919-1995(Secretary-general of the Somali RevolutionarySocialist Party 01 Jul 1976 - 27 Jan 1991)29 Jan 1991 - 03 Jan 1997 Cali Mahdi Maxamed ................... 1938-15 Jun 1995 - 31 Jul 1996 Maxamed Faarax Caydiid ............... 1934-1996(interim; in rebellion)04 Aug 1996 - 20 Mar 1998 Xuseen Maxamed Faarax ................ 1942-(interim; in rebellion)03 Jan 1997 - 22 Aug 2000 Co-Chairmen of National Salvation- Cali Mahdi Maxamed- Osman Xasan Cali- Cabdulqadir Maxamed Daar- Cabdullahi Yuusuf Axmad- Aden Cabdullahi Nur22 Aug - 27 Aug 2000 Cabdullahi Derow Isaq ................ 1950-200627 Aug 2000 - 14 Oct 2004 Cabdiqaasim Salaad Xusean(in Djibouti exile to 14 Oct 2000;confinde to Mogadishu area)14 Oct 2004 - 29 Dec 2008 Cabdullahi Yuusuf Axmed .............. 1934-2012(in exile to 2005)29 Jun - 28 Dec 2006 Sheekh Shariif Sheekh Axmad(Chairman of the Islamic courts Union;controlling Mogadishu and parts of Southern Somalia)29 Dec 2008 - 31 Jan 2009 Sheekh Aaden Maxamed Nuur(in Baidoa)31 Jan 2009 - Sheekh Shariif Sheek Axmad(in Djibouti exile)Prime Minsters01 Mar 1956 - 30 Jun 1960 Cabdullaxi Issa Moxamed .............. 1922-1988(Prime Minister of UN mandate of Somaliland)01 Jul - 12 Jul 1960 Maxamed Haji Ibrahim Egal ............ 1928-2002(1st Time, for British Somaliland26 Jun - 01 Jul 1960)12 Jul 1960 - 14 Jun 1964 Cabdirashid Cali Shermarke14 Jun 1964 - 15 Jun 1967 Cabdirizak Haji Xasan15 Jun 1967 - 01 Nov 1969 Maxamed Haji Ibrahim Egal (2nd Time)01 Nov 1969 - Mar 1970 Maxamed Faarax Salaad01 Feb 1987 - 03 Sep 1990 Maxamed Cali Samatar03 Sep 1990 - 24 Jan 1991 Maxamed Hawaadlee Madar24 Jan 1991 - 03 Jan 1997 Cumar Carte Qaalib08 Oct 2000 - 28 Oct 2001 Cali Khaliif Galayr28 Oct - 12 Nov 2001 Cismaan Jaamac Cali(acting)12 Nov 2001 - 08 Dec 2003 Xasan Cabshir Faraax08 Dec 2003 - 03 Nov 2004 Maxamed Cabdi Yuusuf03 Nov 2004 - 29 Oct 2007 Cali Maxamed Geedi29 Jun - 28 Dec 2006 Shariif Sheekh Axmad(Islamic Courts Union)29 Oct - 24 Nov 2007 Saalim Caliyoow Ibroow(acting)24 Nov 2007 - 14 Feb 2009 Nuur Xasan Xuseen16 Dec - 24 Dec 2009 Maxammd Maxmud Guled(in opposition)14 Feb 2009 - 21 Sep 2010 Cumar Cabdirashiid Cali Sharmaarke24 Sep - 01 Nov 2010 Cabdiwaxiid Elmi Gonjeh(acting)01 Nov 2010 - 19 Jun 2011 Maxamed Cabdullani Maxamed19 Jun 2011 - Cabdiweli Maxamed Cali(acting)
SomalilandAdopted 1996Feb 1884 - 26 Jun 1960 British Colony of Somaliland20 Jul 1887 - 1905 British Somaliland protectorate, subordinated to Aden19 Aug 1940 - 16 Mar 1941 Occupied by Italy26 Jun 1960 Independence from Britain01 Jul 1960 - 18 May 1991 Unification with Italian Somalia, as Somali Republic18 May 1991 Secession from Somalia (not recognised)24 May 1991 - Republic of Somaliland proclaimedPresidents28 May 1991 - 16 May 1993 Cabduraxman Axman Cali ............... 1931-200316 May 1993 - 03 May 2002 Maxamed Haji Ibrahim Egal03 May 2002 - 26 Jul 2010 Daxir Riyale Kaxiin26 Jul 2010 - Axmed Maxamed Maxamuud Siilaanyo
Jubaland (Azania)01 Jul 1895 - 15 Jul 1924 British rule, part of Kenya15 Jul 1924 - 30 Jul 1926 Ceded to Italy by Britain01 Jul 1926 Annexed to Italian Somaliland03 Sep 1998 - 18 Jun 2001 State of Jubaland18 Jun 2001 State taken by Mogadishu government24 Sep 2006 - 01 Jan 2007 Capital taken by Islamic Courts Union01 Jan 2007 Capital taken by Mogadishu government03 Apr 2011 Azania autonomous state declaredLeaders03 Sep 1998 - 11 Jun 1999 Maxamed Siyad Hersi11 Jun 1999 - 18 Jun 2001 Axmed WarsamePresident03 Apr 2011 - Maxamed Cabdi Maxamed(in Nairobi, Kenya exile)
Puntland1600-1927 Punt Sultanate03 Mar 1905 Mahdiyah proclaimed in Noogal, supressed by Italy in 191123 Jul 1998 - Autonomous Puntland State declared (not recognised)Sultans1800-1815 Harti, Maxamuud IV1815-1842 Harti, Cismaan II1842-1844 Harti, Yuusuf IV1844-1860 Harti, Maxamuud V ibn Yuusuf1860-1927 Harti, Cismaan III in MaxamuudMahdi03 Mar 1905 - 1911 Sayiid Maxamed Cabdille Xasan "the Mad Mullah"Presidents23 Jul 1998 - 30 Jun 2001 Cabdullaxi Yuusuf Axmed (1st Time)01 Jul - 14 Nov 2001 Yuusuf Haji Nur14 Nov 2001 - 08 May 2002 Jama Ali Jamma08 May 2002 - Oct 2004 Cabdullaxi Yuusuf Axmed (2nd Time)Oct 2004 - 08 Jan 2005 Maxamed Cabdi Hashi08 Jan 2005 - 08 Jan 2009 Maxamed Muse Hersi08 Jan 2009 - Cabdiaxman Maxamed
Galmudug14 Aug 2006 - Autonomous Galmudug State declaredPresident14 Aug 2006 - Maxamed Warsame Cali
Maakhir01 Jul 2007 - 11 Jan 2009 Autonmous Maakhir State11 Jan 2009 Incorporated into PuntlandPresident01 Jul 2007 - 11 Jan 2009 Jibrell Cali Salaad(in exile from 2008)Apr 2008 - 11 Jan 2009 Cabdullaxi Axmed Jamaa(acting)
